Someone with a vocabulary of only 200 words can still combine the words in different ways to say thousands of different things. This aspect of language is referred to as:

The aspect of language that allows someone to combine a limited vocabulary to express a vast array of ideas is known as morphology. Morphology refers to the structure of words and the way in which they can be modified or combined to form new meanings. Even with a small set of words, an individual can create different grammatical forms, such as plurals, tenses, and derivatives, thereby expanding the ways in which those words can convey various meanings and information.

In contrast, syntax relates to the rules that govern the structure and order of sentences, determining how words are arranged to create meaningful phrases and clauses. Semantics involves the meaning of words and sentences, focusing on what they represent rather than their structural combination. Phonology deals with the sounds of speech and how they function within a particular language, not the combination of words themselves. In this scenario, understanding morphology illustrates how a limited vocabulary can still lead to a rich expression of thought through word formation and modification.